Theregister.com is wrestling with gpus that need 700 Watts of juice and how to cool them. 50 years ago I was reading an excellent magazine called "Electronics". And I remember that IBM came up with a scheme to absorb enormous amounts of heat from chips. You simply score the underside of the chip in a grid pattern and pump water through it. Hundreds of watts per degree Celsius can be removed. Problem solved.

It could be that modern chips are so small that the IBM solution does not really work.

they are too small and too hot for air based cooling. Thats why gpus by now require big heatpipes to distribut the heat.

@Voxera
My guess is that modern chips are larger than, gulp, 40 years ago. I'm guessing that thickness would be similar as well.

The problem starts with the layers...

My knowledge is a bit rusty, but I think Mainboards alone can have more than 8 different layers.

I somehow don't want to know how many layers the morbidly obscene obese GPUs have...

I remember NVIDIA having 12 PCB layers with the 3080 series - which made many manufacturers pretty unhappy, especially as the circuit design has become extremely complex.

Not sure how it looks for AMD, though I think it's better as AMD is less of a nutcase than NVIDIA. Nvidia always had the tendency to go completely crazy regarding designs.

The layer design, certain hotspots where e.g. memory is stacked etc makes cooling a lot more complicated than it was 50 years ago...