Awesome package design

I have to confess: I don't use a version control system. But, as of today, I'd like to change that.

I have a few questions for the community:
What VCS are there and what are the differences? I've heard of Git, but are there any others?
Can you recommend any hosting services? I know of Github and Bitbucket. Are there others? Which is better?
Are there any tools you use? Or just the command line application?
Finally: Can you recommend any tutorials for using these VCS?

Thank you in advance,

Somebody who probably should have done this ages ago (me)

Warning: This contains spoilers for Silicon Valley S4 E10:
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At 5:35 Gilfoyle says: "In order to hold that much data we would have to go RAID 0. [...] If we lose even one platter, we lose Melcher's data. Permanently."
But my question is: Why use RAID at all? Just storing the data without RAID would reduce the complexity, and if one disk fails, only the data on that one disk is lost. Also, I doubt speed is a priority at that point, since the whole thing is running on a home broadband connection, which something like a WD Gold data-center-harddrive (200+ MB/s) can easily max out.

Also, wouldn't it be easier to pay the broadband bill out of their own pocket, instead of moving tons of server equipment to Stanford?

I felt a little cold today, so I got up and held my WiFi router for a while

Just spent 3 hours on my Python server application.
It now does EXACTLY what it did before.

Great translation by Netgear.
Apparently they're not sure what a Mac-address is...

So I created this really cool messaging program for my CS class in high school. Though when I say for - I mean for the students which were bored when the teacher told us how to "resize images in Word".
I used python and tkinter to create it all, and didn't even need to touch sockets. (Mostly because I didn't know how to use them back then, but also because I kept the messages in a file on the school nas.)
Anyway, the program worked and we used it every week, with me listening to suggestions and improving it each week. I even managed to create a sort of notification system.
But sadly, my teacher found out about it and shut it down.

Have you ever had a similar experience?